Brown yellow would seem to be the starter solenoid feed wire, the colour code is correct.
That is the one that comes up live when you turn the key to the start position, it energises the solenoid which kicks in the starter motor underneath. Why it should appear again, if it does , behind the alternator is a mystery to me.
The green wire with the red ring terminal on the back of the alternator looks to be the tacho connection.
The 2 extra wires from behind the voltage regulator on the top of the alternator look to be from the 2 brushes inside, extras added for the Sterling alternator controller. The green one looks like it could be the field wire that goes to the white wire on the Sterling box.
The other (red?) wire looks to be insulated and tied out of the way, not connected to anything, in the bundle. I may be wrong, can't see.
That could be the wire that is not needed for the Sterling, see the instructions about adding the field control wire. If not I have no idea what it is, does it connect to anything anywhere?